SAVARKAR
'BHARAT-RATNA' NOMINEE OF RSS/BJP RAN COALITION GOVERNMENTS WITH MUSLIM LEAGUE
IN 1942
The Hindu Mahasabha under the presidentship of VD
Savarkar shamelessly aligned with the British masters to crush the Quit India
Movement in 1942. The ‘Responsive Cooperation’ with the British masters was not
only a theoretical commitment. It soon got concretized in the ganging up of
Hindu Mahasabha with the Muslim League too. When all political organizations
including Congress were banned only the Hindu Mahasabha and Muslim League were
allowed to function. And it was during this period that Hindu Mahasabha led by
Hindutva ‘Veer’ Savarkar ran coalition governments with the Muslim League.
Savarkar defended this nexus in his presidential speech to the Kanpur session
of Hindu Mahasabha, in the following words:
“In practical
politics also the Mahasabha knows that we must advance through reasonable
compromises. Witness the fact that only recently in Sind, the Sind-Hindu-Sabha
on invitation had taken the responsibility of joining hands with the League
itself in running coalition Government. The case of Bengal is well known. Wild
Leaguers whom even the Congress with all its submissive-ness could not placate
grew quite reasonably compromising and socialable as soon as they came in
contact with the HM and the Coalition Government, under the premiership of Mr.
Fazlul Huq and the able lead of our esteemed Mahasabha leader Dr Syama Prasad
Mookerji, functioned successfully for a year or so to the benefit of both the
communities.”
[V. D.
Savarkar, Samagra Savarkar Wangmaya: Hindu Rashtra Darshan, vol. 6,
Maharashtra Prantik Hindusabha, Poona, 1963, pp. 479-480.]
As explained by Savarkar in the Muslim League Bengal
ministry, the second-in-command of the Mahasabha, Dr Syama Prasad Mukherjee was
Deputy to the Muslim League head of the ministry. Mukherjee also held portfolio
of suppressing of the Quit India Movement. Hindu Mahasabha and Muslim League
beside Bengal and Sind ran coalition government in NWFP also during this
period. It is to be noted that Savarkar had joined hands with the League when Congress
opposed any dealing with the Muslim League. Dhananjay Keer in his biography of
Savarkar which is hailed as the most authentic one by the fans of Savarkar
admits that Savarkar had advised the Hindu leaders in the Muslim majority
provinces to join ministries formed by the Muslim League. In fact, both had
been working in tandem for last couple of years. While addressing the Madura
Conference of the Hindu Mahasabha (22nd session) in 1940, Savarkar admitted
that his party had been aligning with Muslim groups in different provinces in
opposition to Congress. His following words only corroborate the fact that
Hindu-Muslim communalists had united against the Congress:
"At several places they [the Hindu
Mahasabhaites] succeeded in inflicting defeats on the Congress candidates and
today representatives of the Hindu Sanghatanist party form so influential
minority in the provincial legislatures and some of the local bodies as to be
able very often to hold the balance so as to influence the formation of the Moslem
Ministries themselves. In addition to that, there are two to three Hindu
Ministers in the [Muslim] Ministry itself who are pledged to the Hindu ticket. "
[V. D. Savarkar, Samagra
Savarkar Wangmaya: Hindu Rashtra Darshan, vol. 6, Maharashtra Prantik Hindusabha,
Poona, 1963, p. 399.]
Savarkar Openly
Supported the Two-nation Theory
For a complete appraisal of his role in
advancing two-nation theory in pre-independence India, we must get acquainted
with his words and deeds while he was a freeman, guiding the Hindu Mahasabha
from 1937 to 1942. These are available under one caption, Hindu Rashtra
Darshan, published by the Hindu Mahasabha, Maharashtra. While delivering
presidential address to 19th Hindu Mahasabha session at Ahmedabad in 1937,
Savarkar unequivocally declared:
"As it is, there are two
antagonistic nations living side by side in India, several infantile
politicians commit the serious mistake in supposing that India is already
welded into a harmonious nation, or that it could be welded thus for the mere
wish to do so. These were well meaning but unthinking friends take their dreams
for realities. That is why they are impatient of communal tangles and attribute
them to communal organizations. But the solid fact is that the so-called
communal questions are but a legacy handed down to us by centuries of cultural,
religious and national antagonism between the Hindus and Moslems...Let us
bravely face unpleasant facts as they are. India cannot be assumed today to be
a unitarian and homogenous nation, but on the contrary there are two nations in
the main: the Hindus and the Moslems, in India."
[V.
D. Savarkar, Samagra Savarkar Wangmaya: Hindu Rashtra Darshan, vol. 6,
Maharashtra Prantik Hindusabha, Poona, 1963, p. 296.]
Thus
Savarkar long before Mohammed Ali Jinnah’s adoption of the two-nation theory in
1940 was preaching it. Both stood together against the Indian nationalism.
Importantly, when League passed its Pakistan resolution in Lahore (March 1940)
Jinnah specifically referred to the above words of Savarkar in defence his brand
of the two-nation theory. Savarkar was not to be left behind in this thanks
giving exercise. While addressing a press conference in Nagpur on August 15,
1943, he went to the extent of saying,
“I have no quarrel with Mr. Jinnah’s
two-nation theory. We, Hindus, are a nation by ourselves and it is a historical
fact that Hindus and Muslims are two nations”.
[Cited
in Indian Annual Register, 1943,
Volume 2, p. 10.]
Savarkar’s
belief in two-nation theory led him also to believe that Muslim League
exclusively represented all Muslims and Hindu Mahasabha exclusively represented
all Hindus. Savarkar in the course of his presidential address to the 22nd
session of the Hindu Mahasabha at Madura thanked,
"His Excellency the Viceroy for having
deliberately and decisively recognized [sic] the position of the Hindu
Mahasabha as…the most outstanding representative Hindu body and finally coming
to the conclusion that the Moslim [sic] League represents the Moslem
interests, the Hindu Mahasabha the Hindu interest…"
[Savarkar, Samagra Savarkar Wangmaya: Hindu Rashtra Darshan,
vol. 6, Maharashtra Prantik Hindusabha, Poona, 1963, p. 407.]
Dr
B. R. Ambedkar, a keen observer and critic of the competitive Hindu-Muslim
communal politics in pre-independence India, was candid in his belief that,
Strange as it may appear, Mr. Savarkar and Mr.
Jinnah instead of being opposed to each other on the one nation versus two
nations issue are in complete agreement about it. Both not only agree, but
insist that there are two nations in India—one the Muslim nation and the other
Hindu nation. They differ only as regards the terms and conditions on which the
two nations must live.
[B. R. Ambedkar,
Pakistan or the Partition of India, Government of Maharashtra, Bombay,
1990 (reprint of 1946 edition), p. 142.]
IF SAVARKAR WITH SUCH ANTI-NATIONAL IDEAS AND
PRACTICES TO HIS CREDIT CAN BE AWARDED THE HIGHEST NATIONAL HONOUR; BHARAT
RATNA, WHO CAN STOP MOHAMMED ALI JINNAH FROM CLAIMING THE SAME!
Shamsul Islam
October 22, 2019
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